Monday, August 30, 2010
Ragweed allergy season
Ragweed allergy season can be even more miserable for those with dog, cat or dust mite allergies , according to new research. These year-round allergies appear to "pre-prime" the immune system so symptoms hit harder, according to a study recently published in the Annals of Allergy , Asthma & Immunology, the scientific journal of the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (ACAAI).
Hay fever (known as seasonal allergic rhinitis) begins around the middle of August, when ragweed blooms. The typical symptoms sneezing, itching, stuffy nose and watery eyes can make sufferers miserable. Hay fever sufferers who also are allergic to cats, dogs or dust mites develop symptoms faster and (early on) more severely, the research suggests. Treating the cat, dog or dust mite allergy year round may help make the hay fever more manageable.
Sunday, August 22, 2010
Seasonal allergic rhinitis
"Ragweed can bring on sneezing, snuffy nose and watery eyes," says allergist James Sublett, MD, chair of the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology's (ACAAI) public relations committee. "But there are lots of things people can do to find relief until the first freeze comes along."
Follow these survival tips from ACAAI:
Beat symptoms to the punch: Get a jump start on ragweed allergy symptoms by taking allergy medications in advance, beginning the first or second week in August.
Beware of other allergies that increase suffering: If you're allergic to dogs, cats or dust mites you may be even more susceptible to ragweed allergy. New research suggests these allergies "prime" the system, making hay fever suffering even worse. The solution? Get treated for allergies year-round, which will make hay fever easier to tolerate.
Avoid peak exposure time: To reduce exposure during peak pollen levels, avoid scheduling outdoor activities between 5 a.m. and 10 a.m. when ragweed pollen counts are highest.
Sidestep yard work: Hay fever sufferers should avoid mowing the lawn and raking leaves, two activities that stir up pollen. If you must mow or rake, or are doing other outside activities, such as gardening, wear a National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)-approved N95 respirator mask.
Grab some shade(s): Use style to your allergy advantage. Wear glasses or sunglasses that fit close to your face to keep pollen from irritating your eyes.
Steer clear of irritants: Reduce your exposure to air pollutants, such as cigarette smoke, insecticides, fertilizers, gasoline fumes, fresh paint and tar, which can worsen your symptoms.
Those who suspect they have hay fever or other allergies should get tested by an allergist a doctor who is expert in diagnosing and treating allergies and asthma.
Source: American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (ACAAI)
Friday, June 11, 2010
Food May Be Important in Cancer Prevention?
Cancer Prevention ?
As mentioned several times, people who eat more fruits, vegetables, leg-
umes, and whole grains are at a lower risk for various cancers. It now
appears that many other factors in these foods, beyond the established
nutrients, impact the development of cancer. These substances include
phenols, indole, aromatic isothiocyanates, carotenoids, fibers, terpenes,
polyphenolic, and organosulphur compounds. Many of these substances
have been studied in cell cultures and also in animals and appear to be
very promising. Together with vitamin and mineral antioxidants such
as vitamins E and C and copper, selenium, zinc, and manganese these
products may account for much of the cancer risk-reducing effects associ-
ated with diets high in fruits, vegetables, legumes, and whole grains.
So, the best things to do nutritionally are:
• eat five or more servings of fruits and vegetables a day
• eat more whole grain products
• choose foods lower in fat and saturated fat
• maintain a body weight closer to your ideal body weight
• engage in regular exercise (especially aerobic) to assist in maintaining
a lower body weight and reducing stress
• limit consumption of fatty red meat
• do not use alcohol excessively
Wednesday, June 9, 2010
Is Fiber Related to Cancer Prevention?
Research suggests that as fiber increases in the diet, the risk of colon
cancer and certain other cancers decreases. Dietary fiber, by increasing
the rate of feces movement through the colon, decreases the time that
carcinogenic agents in the digestive tract interact with cells lining the
colon. Fiber may also bind carcinogenic substances in the digestive tract
and decrease their absorption or interaction with colon cells. On a related
note, scientists have suggested that the risk of colon cancer decreases with
a healthy calcium intake.
Hydrea - used in the treatment of certain cancers.
Sunday, June 6, 2010
Proper nourishment supports body businesses
We will start out as simply as possible. The shortest definition of nutrition
is the science pertaining to the factors involved in nourishing our body.
Nutrition hinges upon the special relationship that exists between our
body and the world we live in. From the moment of conception to the
waning hours of advanced age, we live in a continuum to nourish our
body. More specifically, we strive on a daily basis to bring nourishing
substances into our body. These nourishing substances are called nutri-
ents, which are chemicals that are used by our body for energy or other
human processes. Proper nourishment supports body businesses such as
growth, movement, immunity, injury recovery, and disease prevention,
and, of course, the ultimate business at hand for all life-forms,
reproduction.
Wednesday, May 26, 2010
My recovery
own case history as a means of indicating the major health problems that nature cure can
overcome. While doing my intermediate arts, at the age of 16, I contracted two serious illness -
pleurisy and typhoid fever - simultaneously. Having run their course for about 45 days, both
ailments left me so debilitated that I had to dis- continue my studies for one year, on medical
advice.
My recovery was gradually but not complete, as I developed heartburn and breathing problems.
At 28 came the worst crisis, when I suffered a stroke in the early hours of an extremely hot day
in May after acute heartburn throughout the night. The stroke made the left side of my body
extremely heavy and weak, and the attending physician referred my case to a well- known
neurosurgeon, suspecting a brain tumour. For nearly two months I lay helpless in the special
ward of a reputed hospital, undergoing several tests and at the same time observing around me
frequent deaths following unsuccessful brain surgery. Finally, having twice failed to inject air
through the spinal cord for taking X-rays of the brain, the specialist decided to make holes in my
skull for that purpose and even operate if necessary. Fortunately for me, the specialist had to
attend a medical conference elsewhere and, therefore, instructed his assistant to try the
newly-introduced method of cerebral angiography, which involved injecting dye through an
exposed vein in the neck to enable X-raying of veins in the brain. When these X-rays did not
reveal anything abnormal, I was allowed to go, but not before the harrowing experience had left
me a complete nervous wreck.
Wednesday, May 19, 2010
Why does weight loss not follow?
The first question is: When the consumption of calories is reduced, why does weight loss not follow? Actually, weight loss does occur, but only temporarily. This is, in fact, where Newburgh and Johnson went wrong, in that they collected their data over much too short a period of time. The phenomenon works like this:
Suppose that an individual needs 2,500 calories a day and that, over a long period, he consumes accordingly. If, suddenly, the ration of calories drops to 2,000, the body will draw on an equivalent quantity of stored fat to compensate and weight loss will be seen to occur. However, if from now on the daily intake of calories is limited to 2,000, instead of the 2,500 previously consumed, the body's survival instinct comes into play. It quickly adjusts its energy requirements to match the level of calorie intake: if it is only given 2,000 calories, it will only use up 2,000 calories. Weight loss will quickly cease. But the body does not stop there. Its instinct for survival will lead it to take greater precautions yet, and lay down reserves for possible future need. If from now on it is supplied with 2,000 calories, it will simply reduce its energy needs to, say, 1,700 calories and store the other 300 in the form of body fat.
So this is how we end up achieving the very opposite of the result we were aiming for. Paradoxically, although the subject is eating less, he will gradually put weight back on again.
In practice, the human body, constantly driven by its survival mechanisms, behaves no differently from the starving dog which buries its bone. Despite what we might think, it is when the dog is not fed regularly that it reverts to its inborn instincts and buries its food, saving it for the day when it may otherwise go hungry.
How many of you, I wonder, have fallen victim at one time or other to this unfounded theory of balancing calories? You will certainly have come across obese people who were actually starving themselves to death. This is especially common among women. Psychiatrists' consulting-rooms are full of women being treated for depression induced by trying to follow such a diet. They have become dependent on this vicious circle, knowing that breaking away from it will only entail putting back on more weight than they have lost.
Tuesday, May 18, 2010
Hypericum perforatum
Tuesday, May 11, 2010
Difficulty falling asleep
Extracts and fluid extracts from the aerial parts from Passiflora incarnata L. are widely used as components of herbal sedatives. Many pharmacological investigations confirm the sedative effects of Passiflorae herba. From some of the studies also anxiolytic effects can be deduced. As Passionflower is mainly used in combinations, clinical studies of the single drug are not available. Based on pharmacological data, the experiences of traditional use and the use in combinations Passiflora extracts are an important factor in the phytotherapy of tenseness, restlessness and irritability with difficulty in falling asleep.
Saturday, April 10, 2010
Help people dealing with chronic pain
Wednesday, March 31, 2010
The root of this daisy-like flower revs up the immune system.
The root of this daisy-like flower revs up the immune system. According to an analysis by University of Wisconsin researchers, in eight of nine studies evaluating echinacea for upper-respiratory infections, the herb reduced symptoms and accelerated recovery compared with placebos. "As soon as I feel a cold coming on, I take it--and my cold is mild and brief," says Duke. Echinacea is available in teas and capsules, though most herbalists prefer tinctures. Liquid echinacea products may cause temporary, harmless numbing or tingling of the tongue; minor stomach upset is possible with tinctures.
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Tuesday, March 30, 2010
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Saturday, March 27, 2010
Evidence Echinacea
tags herbalife herbal medicine weight loss herbal remedies
Evidence Echinacea
These uses have been tested in humans or animals. Safety and effectiveness have not always been proven. Some of these conditions are potentially serious, and should be evaluated by a qualified healthcare provider.
| Uses based on scientific evidence | |
|---|---|
| Prevention of upper respiratory tract infections (adults and children) Preliminary studies suggest that echinacea is not helpful for preventing the common cold in adults. A recent meta-analysis suggested that standardized extracts of echinacea were effective in the prevention of symptoms of the common cold after clinical inoculation, compared with placebo. In children, a combination of echinacea, propolis, and vitamin C has been reported to reduce the number and duration of cold episodes. However, prevention research overall has not been well designed, and additional trials are needed before a clear conclusion can be drawn. | B |
| Treatment of upper respiratory tract infections (adults) Although multiple low quality studies have previously suggested that taking echinacea by mouth by adults when cold symptoms begin may reduce the length and severity of symptoms, a clinical trial reported in July 2005 did not demonstrate any clinical benefit. Recent meta-analyses are conflicting; one suggested that standardized extracts of echinacea were effective in the prevention of symptoms of the common cold after clinical inoculation, compared with placebo, whereas the other reported no such benefit. Further research is needed. | B |
| Cancer There is a lack of clear human evidence that echinacea affects any type of cancer. | C |
| Immune system stimulation Echinacea has been studied alone and in combination preparations for immune system stimulation (including in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy). It remains unclear if there are clinically significant benefits. Additional studies are needed in this area before conclusions can be drawn regarding safety or effectiveness. | C |
| Low white blood cell counts after X-ray treatment (leukopenia) Studies have reported mixed results, and it is not clear whether echinacea has benefits for this use. | C |
| Uveitis (eye inflammation) Oral Echinacea purpurea may offer some benefits in people with low-grade uveitis. Further research is needed to confirm these findings. | C |
| Vaginal yeast infections When echinacea is used at the same time as the prescription cream econazole nitrate (Spectazole®), vaginal yeast infections ( Candida ) may occur less frequently. However, further research is needed to confirm this. | C |
| Genital herpes Initial human studies suggest that echinacea is not helpful in the treatment of genital herpes. | D |
| Treatment of upper respiratory tract infections (children) Initial research suggests that echinacea may not be helpful in children for alleviation of cold symptoms, possibly because parents are not able to recognize the onset of common cold symptoms soon enough to begin treatment, or because the dose of echinacea for use in children is not clear. There are fundamental differences in causes of upper respiratory tract infection symptoms in children versus adults (bacterial versus viral causes, different viruses, different sites of infection, etc). Until additional research is available, echinacea cannot be considered effective in children for this use. Furthermore, development of rash has been associated with echinacea use, and therefore the risks may outweigh the potential benefits in this population. |
Saturday, March 20, 2010
Albert Whittamore-Smoking killed me
Albert Whittamore blamed his youthful smoking habit for the lung disease.
He said before he died at age 85 in February that he wanted the sign to serve as a warning to young people about the dangers of tobacco smoking.
The sign was designed to look like the health warning on a packet of cigarettes.
The printed placard at his grave will be left in place for a week.
The hearse carrying his body through the town of Dover 100 miles southeast of London had several of the printed signs displayed in the windows.
Saturday, March 13, 2010
Women have a higher pain threshold
How we experience pain depends on our sex. Plus: Why female redheads are different.
For years, researchers assumed that women have a higher pain threshold and are less sensitive to pain than men. After all, men don't have to pass a head the circumference of a large grapefruit through an opening that starts at the diameter of a Cheerio as women do to give birth.
But recent research has called into question the assumption that women have greater pain tolerance. Science is providing new insights into pain relief, anesthesia and, oddly enough, redheads.
Jeffrey Mogil, Ph.D., is professor of pain studies at McGill University in Montreal, Canada. He explains that while not all studies have found sex differences, those which have all point in the same direction that contradicts conventional wisdom. "Females are more sensitive to pain, less tolerant and more able to discriminate different levels of pain than males," he says. This is true in studies of both humans and animals.
Women are also much more likely to suffer from chronic pain conditions than men. Researchers originally suspected that this was primarily due to the fact that they are more likely to seek medical care in general. But while women do indeed seek more care, they're also genuinely more likely to develop painful conditions like fibromyalgia, rheumatoid arthritis and migraines. For example, 80 to 90 percent of people with fibromyalgia are women, according to the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases.
Pregnancy actually is the exception to the rule. While pregnant, women do become progressively less sensitive to pain as they get closer to giving birth. Natural painkillers like endorphins are elevated during pregnancy and labor, helping fight pain.
Says Mogil, studies show "there is [pregnancy-related pain relief] in both rats and humans," but, he adds, very little research has been done on this in recent decades. He also notes that it's not very effective in humans, given the amount of pain that most women still suffer.
Qualitative differences
Scientists have discovered that women's experience of pain may be not only quantitatively different, but qualitatively as well. And here's where the redheads come in.
Anesthesiologists had long reported that redheads tended to need more anesthesia than others. But until 2002, no studies had been presented on the subject. Up until that point, it could have just been a clinical myth prompted by a few memorable anesthesia-resistant Gingers. However, when a research group in Louisville, Ky., studied the phenomenon, they found that redheads did indeed need larger doses of a common anesthetic—about 20 percent higher, on average—to blunt the pain from electrical shock.
This finding turned out to only be part of the story.
In research conducted by Mogil's group on opioid medications, only redheaded women were different from others in the way these drugs relieved their pain. Plus they needed less opioid painkillers than brunettes or blondes. Male redheads were the same as everyone else.
http://health.msn.com/health-topics/pain-management/articlepage.aspx?cp-documentid=100218149&page=2
Thursday, March 11, 2010
Vaginal birth after cesarean.
Fifteen years ago, nearly three in 10 women who had a first C-section were able to deliver their next baby vaginally, a trend called VBAC for "vaginal birth after cesarean."
Now that rate has dropped to one in 10, in part because a third of hospitals and half of physicians ban women from attempting VBAC, a panel of specialists convened by the National Institutes of Health said Wednesday.
But VBAC remains a safe alternative for the right candidates, and when those women try labour, between 60 per cent and 80 per cent of the time they do give birth vaginally, the NIH panel concluded. It urged that doctors offer mothers-to-be an unbiased look at the pros and cons, so they can decide for themselves.
"We believe that many women should have an opportunity to give it a try," said panellist and Delaware obstetrician Dr. Nancy Frances Petit of the U.S. Uniformed Health Services.
Overall, nearly a third of U.S. births are by cesarean, an all-time high. Cesareans can be lifesaving but they come with certain risks - and the more C-sections a woman has, the greater the risk in a next pregnancy of problems like placenta abnormalities or hemorrhage.
Decades ago, doctors almost always recommended a repeat C-section, worried that the rigours of labour could cause a uterus scarred from the first surgery to rupture. But in 1980, government experts concluded that many mothers could safely deliver vaginally the next time, citing evidence that their risk of a uterine rupture was less than one per cent.
Yet the last decade saw the pendulum swing back again: Among 19 states that track VBAC, 92 per cent of women had a repeat cesarean for their next delivery in 2006. And in 1999, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists issued guidelines saying VBAC should be attempted only in hospitals equipped for immediate emergency surgery - and many smaller and rural hospitals aren't.
What sparked the latest shift? It's partly concern over litigation, the NIH panel said, because while a uterine rupture remains very rare, it can be devastating to the family and end in a high-dollar lawsuit.
Case-by-case decisions are crucial, the panel said, because there may be instances where another C-section is better for the baby but not for mom or vice versa.
Who's a good candidate? The panel said that needs further study. But in general, VBAC is for women who've had one prior C-section done with a "transverse" scar, the most common kind today, said panel chairman Dr. F. Gary Cunningham of the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas. Women should be otherwise low-risk, he said: Not carrying multiples or a large baby, being obese or having high blood pressure or diabetes.
"There's still a lot we don't know about which women will be successful in having a VBAC, but we believe it's essential that women's desires and preferences be respected throughout the decision-making process," Cunningham said.
Don't try to pre-judge candidates, said Dr. Emily Spencer Lukacz of the University of California, San Diego.
"All women who have prior cesarean delivery should talk to their providers about VBAC," so they can decide on a case-by-case basis if it makes sense, Lukacz said.
It can be difficult for women to find a doctor or hospital that offers VBAC, said Debra Bingham of Lamaze International. She points to California, which now lists VBAC availability for every hospital on a website: http://www.calhospitalcompare.org">www.calhospitalcompare.org .
Slow walk can be more beneficial to those seeking weight loss.
Walking at a moderate pace for 30-60 minutes at a time burns stored fat and builds muscle, thereby increasing metabolism and weight loss. It has also been found to cut risks of heart disease, breast cancer, colon cancer, diabetes, and stroke. And walking can decrease anxiety, improve concentration, and reduce stress.
While some people enjoy a brisk walk, a slow walk can be more beneficial to those seeking weight loss. More calories are burned per mile at low speeds because each step expends energy; faster movements create more momentum and require less energy. A quicker pace is better suited for those seeking to build muscle.
Before beginning a regular walking routine, it is important to possess the correct footwear and clothing. A shoe store salesperson should be able to direct you to a pair of shoes that are flexible for walking and sized properly for the swelling of the feet that happens while walking. The shirt or tank top should be of a light material like polypropylene – not cotton – that will keep sweat away from the body, and a larger t-shirt, sweatshirt, or light jacket can be added if the weather warrants. Depending upon the time of day, a hat and/or sunscreen might need to be added to the lineup.
While walking, use your arms to counterbalance the leg motions by bending them 90 degrees and swinging them back and forth opposite the legs. This helps with power, speed, and posture. Also, straighten the back and keep the chin parallel to the ground.
It is most important to stay hydrated before and after walking. It is recommended to drink one eight-ounce glass of water every hour throughout the day, but more specifically, ten minutes before a walk. Another cup of water is advised at 20 or 30 minute intervals during the walk, and one to two glasses of water will rehydrate after the walk. If the walk lasts more than two hours, an electrolyte-replacement sports drink in addition to the water is advised.
Walking is an important part of any exercise regimen and can be done in the morning, evening, or even on a lunch break at work. It is a basic form of exercise that holds the potential for numerous mental and physical benefits if done regularly.
http://www.healthnews.com/fitness-exercise/womens-health-walking-it-off-4094.html
Tuesday, March 9, 2010
Woman lack the resources for adequate contraception
An average self-paying patient was charged $372 for a surgical abortion at 10 weeks and between $438 and $490 for a medical abortion in 2009. Second-trimester surgical abortions are 2 to 3 times more expensive than first-trimester surgical abortions. Most patients pay out of pocket. Only 26% of abortions are billed directly to public or private insurance. Most insured patients are reluctant to file claims because of concerns about confidentiality. Some health plans cover sterilization but not abortion, leaving poor women in the unenviable position of having to choose sterilization if they lack the resources for adequate contraception.
The 1978 Hyde Amendment prohibits federal Medicaid dollars from being spent on abortion, except to preserve a woman's life or in cases of rape or incest. Twenty-two states allocate a portion of their share of Medicaid funding to cover abortion. The Hyde Amendment was applied to Medicare, which covers disabled women, in 1998. Women of color are more likely than white women to be poor, to lack health insurance, and to rely on government healthcare programs. Thus, they are disproportionately harmed by prohibitions on public funding for abortions. In addition, black women and Hispanic women are more likely than white women to have an abortion. Higher rates of abortion are explained, in part, by higher rates of unintended pregnancy, a greater proportion of conceptions that end in abortion, and greater poverty.
The Defense Department, through TRICARE, provides health coverage to military personnel and their families. TRICARE has instituted a permanent ban on abortion coverage, except when the life of the woman is endangered. American Indians and Alaskan natives covered by the Indian Health Service are subject to the Hyde Amendment.[20]The Federal Employees Health Benefits Program pays for abortions only in cases of life endangerment, rape, or incest. Women in federal prisons are allowed to obtain an abortion only when their lives are endangered or when the pregnancy is the result of rape, which may be difficult to prove.
http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/507404_3
Monday, March 8, 2010
Don’t to take Antidepressants during pregnancy!!!
Using data on more than 81,000 babies born in Denmark, researchers found that children whose mothers took antidepressants during the second or third trimester sat without support later and walked later than children of depressed mothers who did not take medication. This was especially true for boys.
Despite the delays, the children's progress was still well within the bounds of normal development, the researchers noted. Children whose mothers took antidepressants sat about 16 days later and walked nearly a month later than the children of mothers who didn't take the drugs .
According to the paper, researchers said they did not know if the changes were permanent or only temporary.
By 19 months, they found no differences in motor skills between kids exposed and not exposed to antidepressants .
But the 19-month-old children whose mothers had taken antidepressants were less able to occupy themselves for more than 15 minutes than toddlers whose mothers hadn't taken antidepressants .
No other delays in any of the other 14 developmental milestones mothers were asked about, including language development, social development or other motor skills such as head control or rolling from back to belly, were noted among exposed children.
The study is published in the March issue of Pediatrics.
Despite some concerns, Dr. Diane Ashton, deputy medical director of the March of Dimes and an ob-gyn, urged women not to make any hasty decisions about discontinuing the drugs and to consult with their doctors first.
"For the most part, we feel it's important for women to be adequately treated for depression during pregnancy," Ashton said. "Depending on the severity of the symptoms, you may not have a choice. If the mother is depressed or suicidal to the point of hurting herself, she needs treatment."
While the study isn't the first to show that antidepressants may impact fetal development, it is among the first to look at the child's development after birth, Ashton said.
A 2009 study in the British Medical Journal, also by the Danish researchers, found women who take certain antidepressants during the first three months of pregnancy were at a slightly increased risk of giving birth to babies with septal heart defects, or malformations in the wall separating the right side of the heart from the left. The risks were seen in sertraline and in citalopram .
Other research, however, about the risks of congenital abnormalities has been inconclusive.
So what should women do?
Discontinuing antidepressants is an option, but it has risks, especially if the mother's depression is severe, said David Blackburn, a clinical psychologist and assistant professor of psychiatry and behavioral science at Scott & White Memorial Hospital in Temple, Texas.
Untreated depression may lead women to miss prenatal appointments, eat poorly — either too much or too little — and sleep poorly. Some people who are depressed also become socially isolated, or self-medicate with drugs or alcohol. Depression is also a risk for suicide or other self-destructive behaviors.
"Whether women continue with antidepressants has to be decided on an individual basis," Blackburn said. "You have to weigh the risk of the depression with the slight risks of taking the antidepressants."
In the United States, about one in five women have symptoms of depression while pregnant, according to the March of Dimes.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) have issued warnings about an increased risk of heart defects associated with the use of the Paxil during pregnancy.
Blackburn urged women who don't want to take medications during pregnancy not to try to go it alone and instead consider psychological counseling or support groups.
http://news.health.com/2010/02/23/antidepressants-pregnancy-may-delay-developmental-milestones
Saturday, February 27, 2010
Hormone replacement therapy
The study, which followed nearly 57,000 California teachers, found that women who were using HRT at the outset were 36 percent less likely to develop colon cancer over the next decade than those who had never used HRT.
Of the 34,433 HRT users, 193 were diagnosed with colon cancer during the study period; that compared with 151 cases among the 13,778 women who had never used hormone replacement.
HRT -- with either estrogen alone or a combination of estrogen and progestin -- was linked to a lower colon cancer risk even when the researchers accounted for the women's age, weight, exercise levels and race.
Older age and African-American race are risk factors for colon cancer, and there is evidence linking obesity and a sedentary lifestyle to the disease as well.
The findings, reported in the American Journal of Epidemiology, support the theory that estrogen offers some protection against colon cancer.
Some past studies have linked not only HRT, but also use of birth control pills , to a lower colon cancer risk. And lab experiments have shown that estrogen may inhibit tumor development in the colon by affecting cell growth, or by lowering levels of a cancer-linked hormone called IGF-1.
However, no one is recommending that women take HRT to ward off colon cancer. Millions of women stopped using the hormones after a large U.S. government study in 2002 found that postmenopausal women given HRT had higher risks of heart attack, stroke, breast cancer and blood clots than women given an inactive placebo.
As a result, experts now advise that while HRT is effective at relieving menopausal symptoms -- like hot flashes and vaginal dryness -- women should take it at the lowest dose and for the shortest time possible.
These latest findings do not alter that advice. But they point to a need for further study into the different effects of HRT on specific organs, write the researchers, led by Dr. Katherine DeLellis Henderson of the City of Hope National Medical Center in Duarte, California.
The findings are based on 56,864 menopausal women who took part in the California Teachers Study, a health study begun in 1995. Most of the women were past menopause at the outset, and 61 percent were currently using HRT.
Over the next decade, 442 women were diagnosed with colon cancer.
While women who were current HRT users at the start of the study showed a lower risk of the disease, the same was not true of those who were former users.
Henderson's team also found that the beneficial effect of HRT was stronger among women who had had a first-degree relative diagnosed with colon cancer. Among these women, HRT use was linked to a 55 percent lower risk of the disease versus non-use.
The implications of that finding, if any, are not yet clear.
Family history of colon cancer is an established risk factor for the disease, but only one study, according to Henderson's team, has looked at whether family history affects the link between HRT and colon cancer risk -- and it found no evidence that it did.
Friday, January 8, 2010
Death of a student assaulted a school in the Val-de-Marne, Luc Chatel offers a minute of silence Tuesday
What gives her
It snows, 54 departments in Orange alert
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A schoolboy seriously injured by a fellow Kremlin-Bicetre
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